SYNDROME Bronchitis – Bronchitis

1. Acute Bronchitis

Definition:
Acute inflammation of the bronchial mucosa expressed clinically by coughing up mucous or muco-purulent.
Etiology:
– Factors Infections – viruses, bacteria
– Physical and climatic factors – moisture, air currents, cold
– Allergens – smoke, dust, mold
– Chemical factors – chemicals irritate the respiratory mucosa

Clinical picture:
1. period of onset (cruel) – inflammation of the upper airway mucosa (CAS)
– Grade fever
– Chills, headache
– Asthenia
– Myalgia, chest pain
– Sneezing
– Runny nose
– Impairment of trachea translates clinically by a feeling of heartburn and cough
– Coughing is triggered at low effort, even in speech

2. During the state (of Cocteau)
– Coughing up mucous or muco-purulent
– Fever, chills, headache – disappear
– Clinical ex – romflante rales and wheezing on pulmonary auscultation
The disease lasts 7-10 days.
Laboratory picture:
– Increase in blood markers of acute inflammation – ESR, fibrinogen, leukocytosis with neutrophilia
– Ex sputum – mixed microbial flora
– Eg chest X-ray – normal

Treatment:
1. hygienic-dietary – bed rest, well ventilated room with ambient temperature – 19-21gr, atmosphere dampness, diet rich in liquids and vitamins – vitamin C!
2. Medicine
– Antipyretics – Paracetamol, Novocalmin, Algocalmin, Aspirin
– Analgesics – Ketonal
– Cough – in the raw – codeine phosphate (Coden), dextromethorphan (Rofedex, Tussin) Fenspiridum (Eurespal) Stod
– Expectorants and thinners of expectoration – Ambroxol (Mucosin, Flavamed) Erdomed, Bromhexin, Prospan, Acetylcysteine ​​(ACC), Carbocisteine ​​(Fluidol, Humex, Rhinatiol)
– Antiboticele when overall use remains influenced muco-purulent expectoration in nature or pus, fever persists
Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Augmentin,
cephalosporins – Ceclor, ceclodyne, Cedax
quinolones – ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin (Avelox)
sulfonamides – Biseptol
– If there is a spastic component expressed clinically by dyspnea administered bronchodilators:
1. methylxanthines – Aminophylline (Miofilin) ​​Theophylline (Teotard)
2. beta2 sympathomimetics – salbutamol, salmeterol
3. corticosteroids – prednisone, dexamethasone
– If arterial oxygen pressure falls below 55mmHg establish oxygen
Chronic 2.BRONSITA

Definition:
Chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa expressed clinically by hypersecretion of mucus that causes coughing YEAR 3 months, two consecutive years.
Etiology:
1. SMOKING
2. Factors infectious
3. Professional toxic – dust, dirt, lint
4. Allergen – pollen, mold

5. Socio-economic conditions (unhealthy housing without heat, air currents, egrasie)

Clinical picture:
1. Insidious onset with cough with expectoration, dyspnea, asthenia,
2. Period status – coughing, shortness of breath, pain in the chest by respiratory muscle overload
3. In periods of acute fever, sputum becomes purulent, dyspnea is widening
Clinical examination shows:
– Thorax globular
– Decreased transmission of voice vibrations
– Sonora normal or elevated pulmonary
– Accentuated breath sounds
– Romflante crackles and wheezing in both lung areas

Laboratory picture:
– In Blood – neutrophilic leukocytosis
– Bacteriological examination of sputum – microbial flora during the flare,
– Radiological – highlighted lung Drawing

Treatment:
– Hygienic-dietary: Removing smoking, removing allergenic factors, changing jobs (occupational allergens), avoiding congestion, seasonal flu vaccine, avoid cold, damp and cool places
– Medicines
1. Expectorants and thinners of expectoration
2. Bronchodilators
3. Antibiotics in acute periods